NARRATION

 NARRATION PART -1

একজন বক্তার বক্তৃতা রিপোর্ট করার শিল্পকে বলা হয় Narration।
The art of reporting the speech of a speaker is called Narration.

একজন বক্তার বক্তব্য রিপোর্ট করার দুটি প্রধান উপায় রয়েছে।
There are two main ways of reporting the speech of a speaker.

1. Direct Speech সরাসরি বক্তব্য
2. Indirect Speech পরোক্ষ বক্তব্য

Direct Speech
In this form, the actual words of the speaker are put in quotes ”.
Ex:-
Kamal said,” I am very busy now.”
In the above example the Speaker i.e (I.e. stands for id est, or “that is= অর্থাৎ )
Kamal is known as Reporter,
said is known as Reporting verb and
“I am very busy now.” is known as Reported Speech.
Indirect Speech
In this form, the actual words of the speaker are transformed and said/written in a simple manner.
Ex:-
Kamal said that he was very busy then.

প্রত্যক্ষ বক্তাকে পরোক্ষ বক্তায় রূপান্তর করার প্রাথমিক নিয়ম।
Basic rules to convert a Direct Speech to Indirect Speech
একটি প্রত্যক্ষ বক্তব্যকে (Direct Speech) একটি পরোক্ষ বক্তব্যয়( Indirect Speech)

রূপান্তর করার সময় 5 টি মৌলিক জিনিস পরিবর্তন করতে হবে।
There are 5 basic things that have to be changed while converting a Direct speech to an indirect speech.

Active - Rajiv said to me,” I shall go to the picture today”
Passive - Rajiv told me that he would go to the picture that day.

1. Reporting verb পরিবর্তন করা Reported speech অনুযায়ী ।(To change the reporting verb according to the reported speech.) অর্থাৎ according to Kinds of Sentence

Active - Rajiv said to me,” I shall go to the picture today”
Passive - Rajiv told me that he would go to the picture that day.

2. Direct speech থেকে inverted commas ” ” অপসারণ করতে হবে এবং একটি উপযুক্ত conjunction দিয়ে প্রতিস্থাপন করতে হবে ।
(To remove the inverted commas from the direct speech and replace them with an appropriate conjunction.)

Active - Rajiv said to me,” I shall go to the picture today”

Passive - Rajiv told me that he would go to the picture that day.

3. To change the pronoun of reported speech accordingly.
Reported speech এর Pronoun 1st person হলে Reporting verbএর Subject অনুযায়ী , 2nd person হলে Reporting verb এর Object অনুযায়ী change হবে , 3rd person থাকলে কোনো change হবে না

Active - Rajiv said to me. “ I shall go to the picture today”
Passive - Rajiv told me that he would go to the picture that day.

4. Reporting verb এর tense অনুযায়ী reported speech এর Tenseপরিবর্তন করতে হবে (To change the reporting verb according to the reported speech.)
Reporting verb যদি Present বা Future tense এ দেওয়া হয় তাহলে Reported speech এর verb বা tense-এ কোন পরিবর্তন হবে না
(If reporting verb is given in Present or Future tense then there will be no change in the verb or tense of Reported speech)

Active - Rajiv said to me,” I shall go to the picture today”

Passive - Rajiv told me that he would go to the picture that day.

5. Change the adverbs of the Direct Speech

Active - Rajiv said to me,” I shall go to the picture today”
Passive - Rajiv told me that he would go to the picture that day.